Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
meta maulida damayanti

Institutions
a) Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
*meta_md[at]unisba.ac.id
b) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
c) Departement of microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
d) Departmenet of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Smoking habit can lead to oral diseases. Moreover, not many people are aware of the relationship of smoking with potential oral diseases. Micronuclei (MN) count is a promising indicator for the cytotoxic effects of smoking. Our study was aimed at establishing a correlation between the MN counts and oral hygiene index among smoking habits. A total of 62 subjects were examined with smoking habit. Oral mucosal cells were collected from both sides of cheeks, slides were prepared and examined for cells with micronuclei where the presence of micronuclei was assessed under Χ100 magnification. Oral hygiene index is measured by simple instrument screening to assess debris and calculus index of teeth. The results shown that there was no statistically significant correlation between MN and OHI of smoking habits. The null hypothesis that the correlation is zero and not linear is accepted (P 0.61 is greater than the significance determined alpha 0.05) with the correlation value -0.07. There was no correlation between MN and OHI of the smoking, but the genotoxic effects of smoking cause chromosomal damage in the epithelial cells of the oral mucosa and are reflected in the occurrence of micronuclei and the poor of oral hygiene index of smoking.

Keywords
Micronucleus assay; Oral hygiene index; Smoking effect

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9pGT7deFgbqM

Corresponding Author
Julia Hartati

Institutions
(a)Pharmacology Department of Faculty Medicine of Unisba
(b)Microbiology Department of Faculty Medicine of Unisba
*jay.mathabiya[at]gmail.com

Abstract
White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq: Fr Kumm) is a food source that contains high nutrition and various secondary metabolites that have pharmacological effects, such as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. The mushroom is widely used for the prevention of various diseases such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and carcinoma. This study assessed the acute toxicity of White Oyster Mushroom ethanol extract, so that the preparation of white oyster mushroom ethanol extract can be increased to become a standardized herbal. The acute toxicity test uses the proposed method, which is a new method recommended for the acute toxicity test of natural substances. Doses tested in this study started from 10 mg / kg body weight to a maximum dose of 5000 mg / kg body weight. Observations of toxicity tests were conducted within the first 24 hours at each stage and the parameters observed were mortality of experimental animals and changes in behavior of experimental animals. The results of the acute toxicity test showed that no experimental animal died during the range of dosing, since the smallest dose reached the maximum dose, other than that there was no visible change in behavior in experimental animals during ethanol extract administration. White oyster mushroom ethanol extract is relatively safe does not show any acute toxicity, because it has a wide dose range.

Keywords
White oyster mushroom ethanol extract, acute toxicity test, the proposed method

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/e9VYghvtc6EZ

Corresponding Author
Ambar Hardjanti

Institutions
1Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI
2Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia,Jakarta

Abstract
Introduction: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever is a public health problem in Indonesia. The nation capital Jakarta has the most cases compared to other provinces. Rawasari District was declared an endemic area for Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Eradication of DHF centred on vector (Ae. aegypti) control. Organophosphate is the insecticide of choice for over 25 years of vector control effort. Insect resistance to organophosphate is marked by an increase of non-specific esterase enzyme activity that can be detected using microplate assay. Method: This study collects Ae.aegypti and larvae randomly from houses in the research area and conduct alfa esterase activity assay using microplate reader. Briefly, larvae homogenate placed inside ice cooled microplate wells. The prepared reagent used to assessed esterase activity from each homogenate and evaluated using spectrophotometer at 450 nm. Sampling locations were determined geographically using Google Earth. Results: Organophosphate resistance pattern from Rawasari district area shows a 22.4% high resistance, 41.1% moderate resistance and 36.4% larvae still sensitive to organophosphate. Discussion: Resistance pattern shows in this study was similar to other study conducted in the greater Jakarta area. However, a large proportion of the vector has moderate resistance, which warrants a vector resistance surveillance program. Vector control program conducted at Rawasari district can still use organophosphate to eliminate DHF vector.

Keywords
Ae.aegypti, Resistance, Organophosphate, Enzym, Vector

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gKR9AJZwtHDU

Corresponding Author
Yuke Andriane

Institutions
Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba

Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common causes of organ damage, including liver injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the hepatoprotective effect of sea cucumber (holothurian edulis spp) on alloxan-induced rats. This is an experimental study using Wistar strain rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups, each contain 6 rats (Control group, Alloxan group, Glibenclamide group, Extract ethanol of sea cucumber groups divided into three doses: 100 mg/ 200gBW/day, 200 mg/200 gBW/day, and 400 mg/200 gBW/day). After the rats were induced by alloxan then intervened with ethanol extract of sea cucumber and glibenclamide for 12 days. In the end of study, rats were sacrificed and liver histopathological were determined. The result revealed that there was sinusoid dilatation and congestion, central veins were not intact, the portal veins and the bile ducts in the portal area were dilated, and histiocyte appearance on cellular architecture from alloxan group. However, in the ethanol extract of sea cucumber group sinusoid showed begin to be narrowing and central venous was intact especially in 200 mg/200 gBW/day dose group. This study showed that ethanol extract of sea cucumber has possibility as hepatoprotective agent might be due to reduction of oxidative damage by decreased free radical generation. Keywords: alloxan; liver injury; Oxidative Stress; sea cucumber

Keywords
alloxan, histopathology, liver, and sea cucumber

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UXzV4rYbQpTt

Corresponding Author
Shahnaj Pervin

Institutions
(a)Associate Professor of Anatomy, Asia Metropolitan University
(b) Dean, Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University

(c) Senior Lecturer, Microbiology, Asia Metropolitan University

Abstract
Introduction: Mobile technologies have the potential to enhance conceptual learning of undergraduate students. [1]. Different studies showed that successful use of mobile technologies improves student-s capacity for clinical decision making [2]. The procedure has no extra cost, no need training and more manpower so beneficial for faculties and institutes. Aim of the study: To find out the impact of students learning using animation through mobile technology. Method: A cross-sectional analytic study has been done to the year 1 MBBS student of Asia metropolitan university. A total number of 62 students were divided into two batches. First batch students were taught with diagrams and the flow chart using power point. In the next batch, students were taught with animated embryology CD ROM "Simbryo”’ of Langmans Medical Embryology book through mobile or tab. Students learning of both classes were tested by 5 SBAQs in posttest respectively in the online platform and the scores of both post-tests were compared. Result: In the class with diagram, 47%, 18%, 25% and 10% students scored 10, 15, 5 and 0 respectively. In the animated class through mobile, 66% 12%, 3%, 11% and 8% student got 15, 20, 25, 10 and 5 respectively. Total marks were 25. Conclusion: The present study showed the students were able to understand better the embryology class by animated teaching in mobile technology than the power point lecture with diagram.

Keywords
Keywords: Mobile technology, Animation, Embryology.

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cBfZChNtnzAK

Corresponding Author
Eddy Multazam

Institutions
a) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia
*eddymultazam88[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia
c) Department of Health Community, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia

Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) remains a mainstay for TB treatment despite the fact that it can cause liver hepatotoxic. Previous mechanistic hypotheses have classified this type of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) as a metabolic oddity mainly due to bioactivation of the acetylhydrazine metabolites and oxidative stress induced in the liver. Ocimum americanum is an herb from the Lamiaceae family which has phytochemicals that contain antioxidants and have the potential to protect against free radicals and ROS molecules. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotector potential of ethanol extract of Ocimum americanum L. against INH-induced liver damage in mice. The liver biomarker serum, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were investigated. Treatment groups (INH 100mg/kgBW + OA 2,8 mh/20grBW and INH 100mg/kgBW + OA 5,6 mg/20grBW) were compared to INH group (INH 100 mg/KgBW) and normal control group as well. All treatments were given for 14 days intragastrically. Treatment with INH significantly increased the ALT and AST levels, where OA-treatment reduced these activities in both extract dosage groups (P<0.05). These results suggest that the ethanol extract of Ocimum americanum L. may have antihepatotoxic role related to its antioxidant activity.

Keywords
Isoniazid; Ocimum americanum; Hepatoprotector; Antioxidant

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jBaYxueCQrPb

Corresponding Author
Indrianto Indrianto Sp.An KIC

Institutions
Anesthesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
Anesthesiology Department, Al Ihsan Regional General Hospital West Java province

Abstract
Bronchospasm is a potentially serious problem encountered in perioperative who are undergoing general anesthesia. Bronchospasm that occurs is likely due to the respiratory tract that is still sensitive to inhalation after an infection, or spasm due to the release of histamine after administration of atracurium. In developing countries all over the world, the incidence of trauma due to traffic accidents is still high, especially limb trauma and head trauma in addition to multiple other traumas. A boy, age 13 years old, weight 48 kg, suffered a left thigh bone fracture, due to a traffic accident, planned to install plates and screws, through surgery with general anesthesia. The preoperative examination was obtained, GCS 15, history of accidents 4 days ago, history of respiratory tract infections that had healed 2 days ago, history of asthma (-), history of drug allergy (-), family history of asthma (+). Physical examination found: tension 115/74 mmHg, pulse 84x / min, respiration 18x / min, temperature afebrile. Laboratory blood tests are within normal limits. Induction was carried out by giving Fentanyl 50 mcg iv, Propofol 100 mg iv, Atracurium 20 mg iv, manually ventilated using O2, N2O, and sevoflurane gas. After 1 minute, the ventilation felt heavy, 20% SpO2, Tension 50/30 mmHg, pulse 130x / min, acral appeared cyanotic, immediately intubated with ETT no 6.5. Manual ventilation is still felt severe, 2 minutes later given bronchodilator Ventolin spray through ETT, Methylprednisolone 125 mg iv, Ephedrin 10 mg iv, Dexamethasone 4 mg iv. Manual ventilation continues, starting gradually becoming lighter, after 15 minutes, tension up 90/60 mmHg, pulse 120x / min, SpO2 95-97%, acral cyanosis (-). Conditions returned to normal, the operation continued with good results.

Keywords
bronchospasm - drug interventions - perioperative

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YyzTRmeNv7qa

Corresponding Author
Lelly Resna Sp.KJ(K).

Institutions
1) Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
2) Department of Psychiatry, Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
3) Child and Adolescent Mental Health Installation, West Java Mental Hospital, Indonesia

Abstract
Introduction: Mental conditions in children and adolescents today are very alarming. This condition is characterized by an increasing number of children and adolescents who experience psychosocial problems such as depression, substance abuse, crime and others. The impact of depression on adolescents can arise, among others, performing various actions such as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), attempted suicide, even to death from suicide. Biopsychosocial factors in NSSI patients are very important to be traced because they play a role in the etiology, course of the disease, management and prognosis of the patient. Case report: A 13-year-old teenage girl with a chief complaint of self-injury a year ago. The patient injures himself with a cutter or razor on his arm which is getting done more and more frequently so that there are more injuries to the patients arms and thighs. But apparently many friends of patients at school who do the same thing. Biopsychosocial approaches are applied to patients and their families, including the provision of psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy drugs to patients so that children can be independent and adapt to the environment. Family education and therapy is carried out so that the family can support the therapy process. Conclusion: The biopsychosocial factor approach to NSSI is satisfactory.

Keywords
adolescents-biopsychosocial-NSSI

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9CAxPzMFbQke

Corresponding Author
Ismawati Ismawati

Institutions
a) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
Jalan Tamansari 22, Bandung 40116, Indonesia
*ismawati[at]unisba.ac.id
b) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
Jalan Tamansari 22, Bandung 40116, Indonesia

Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis is a ubiquitous rod shape Gram-positive bacteria with capability of forming endospores. In the sporulation phase, B.thuringiensis produces crystal proteins coded by cry4 gene which has insecticidal activity (bioinsecticides), including against larvae of mosquitoes. This study had been conducted to get an information about characterization of local isolates B.thuringiensis from soil at Bandung city. This is a descriptive study to find local isolates of B.thuringiensis which have cry4 gene. The media used in this study were Nutrient Agar (NA) and selective media (differential) Luria Bertani (LB) acetate buffer 0.25 M pH 6.8. B.thuringiensis isolates were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for sensing cry4 genes existence. A total of 22 soil samples from 30 analyzed samples showed positive results containing 61 colonies of suspected B.thuringiensis. PCR results for 61 isolates using BtSpoOA primers showed that 28 isolates contained DNA of B. thuringiensis. Subsequent testing of 28 isolates using Un4 primers showed that there were 7 isolates that had the cry4 gene. It concluded that there are 7 isolates from this study that can be further tested to be developed into bioinsecticides againts larvae of mosquitoes.

Keywords
Bacillus thuringiensis; cry4 gene; bioinsecticides

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bK7BmLAqCFuT

Corresponding Author
Yani Dewi Suryani

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine
Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
The thalassemias are a group of inherited hematologic disorders caused by defects in the synthesis of one or more of the hemoglobin chains. Affected patients need blood transfusion regularly during their lifetime. Repeated transfusion will increase ferritin levels and cause hemosiderosis in various organ including lungs. The aim of this study was to find correlation between ferritin levels and pulmonary function in thalassemia patients seen from PEF measurement. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Ferritin levels was taken from medical record and PEF measurement using peak flow meter. This study was performed to 35 thalassemia patients. Data were analyzed using pearson test with STATA ver 11.0. The result shows mean value of ferritin levels was 4917,043 (SD±2493,99) ng/dL, meanwhile mean value of PEF was 126,57 (SD±51,86) L/min. This result indicate there was no significant correlation between those two variables. Increase in ferritin value because of repeated transfusions and hemolysis will induce hemosiderosis and pulmonary dysfunction. Besides of pulmonary dysfunction, another condition will affect the result of pulmonary function measurement which reflected by PEF value.

Keywords
Ferritin, Pulmonary Function, PEF, Thalassemia

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TfnHVabFRWUD

Corresponding Author
Dr. Jegathambigai Rameshwar Naidu

Institutions
Asia Metropolitan University, Malaysia.

Abstract
Over the past few centuries, Scientists have focused on drug development from herbal medicines or botanical sources, an important group of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy. Pharmaceutical potential of the culinary herbs, Centella asiatica, Ocimum basilcum, Cymbopogan citratus, Allium Cepa L and Mentha spicata were assessed by studying their antioxidant / cytotoxic / anti-angiogenic and antithrombotic properties. Free radical scavenging potential exihibited by the tested plant extracts is related to mechanisms of cytotoxicity, angiogenesis and thrombo-embolism. Antithrombotic activity testing demonstrated the inhibitory potential of the extracts to thrombin assay and thrombin-induced clotting time assay. Antiplatelet activity as determined by the platelet aggregation assay measured the ability of the tested plant extracts for the inhibition of platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma of (PRP). Cytotoxicity index (CI)determined by performing the MTT assay revealed that there was a significant inhibition of percentage cell viability of HL60 cell lines treated with the plant extracts. The CI was found to increase with increasing dose tested in the plant extracts. The morphology of the HL60 cells treated with Ocimum basilica, Mentha spicata extracts at high concentrations (200, 100 µg/ml) indicated cell shrinkage and clumping, signs of apoptosis and inhibited cell growth. Ex vivo rat aortic assay were performed to evaluate the anti-angiogenic activity by determined the inhibitory effect on micro-vessel sprouting of the rat aortic ring. Hence the investigated plant extracts were able to suppress angiogenesis by markedly inhibiting the vessel growth sprouting from the rat aortic explants. Mentha spicata extract were found to inhibit the HUVEC cell growth stating the possible antiangio genic mechanism by the mode of inhibition of epithelial cell growth. The results clearly indicates the possibility of the plant extracts investigated, for further development to chemotherapeutic / anti-angiogenic and anti-thrombotic agents and warrants further studies in future.

Keywords
culinary herbs, therapeutic, anti-angiogenic,anti-thrombotic agents

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2JRmpVHdAnWP

Corresponding Author
Shenny Dianathasari

Institutions
Anatomy Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Bandung Islamic University

Abstract
Sleep disorder breathing (SDB), especially obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is the most commonly found in stroke patients (more than 50). Numerous studies have shown the correlation between worsening of OSAS and several antrophometric measurement. These measurement are easy to obtain with no additional costs in patients suspected to have OSAS. The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between athropometric measurement and the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on patient with ischemic stroke. The method of this study was anthropomeric measurement including neck circumference, waist circumference and body mass index were assessed with cross-sectional design in 43 acute phase ischemic stroke patient with OSAS based on head CT-scan in RSAU dr. M. Salamun Bandung in August–December 2016. The result is no correlation was observed between neck circumference and waist circumference with OSAS. A statiscally significant correlation was found between BMI and OSA (p<0.05). Our study indicate that BMI is the major contributing factor to OSAS.

Keywords
anthropometri, ischemic stroke, OSAS

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/q6UkNRgdynK2

Corresponding Author
Dede Renovaldi

Institutions
a) Department of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia
*dede.renovaldi[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia
c) Department of Health Community, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,
Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15419, Indonesia

Abstract
Rifampicin (RIF) is broadly used in the world for the treatment of tuberculosis, but the hepatotoxicity is still a major concern during clinical therapy. Studies showed that RIF induced oxidative stress activity in liver and directly toxic by it-s metabolites. Ocimum americanum (OA) contains phenols, flavonoids, and tannis which act as antioxidants and provides protection against free radicals caused by oxidative damage to cellular components that regulate the formation of ROS molecules. This study attempts to determine the hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of Ocimum americanum L. against RIF–induced liver damage in mice. Thereafter, the level serum of biochemical parameters, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were investigated. Treatment groups (RIF 300mg/kgBW + OA 2,8 mg/20grBW and RIF 300mg/kgBW + OA 5,6 mg/20grBW) were compared to RIF group (RIF 300 mg/kgBW) and normal control group. All treatments were given intragastrically for 14 days. Treatment with RIF significantly increased the activities of ALT and AST levels. OA-treatment reduced these activities in both extract dosage groups. However, a significant decrease was only found in serum ALT level. These findings indicate that the ethanol extract of Ocimum americanum L. exerted significant hepatoprotector effects, likely related to its antioxidant compounds.

Keywords
Rifampicin; Ocimum americanum; Hepatoprotector; Antioxidant

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qWkcCQXmBKeR

Corresponding Author
Wida Purbaningsih

Institutions
a) Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
b) Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
c) Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Case finding and diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are still difficult to enforce because not all medical care facilities can do it. This is because of the microbiological examination of tissue materials requires invasive action and special equipment. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis should be made by observing clinical manifestation, microbiological and/or histopathological examinations of samples taken from infected organs through the biopsy process, but in practice, this is not entirely possible. The purpose of this study is to analyze the histopathological feature and microbiological examination of tissue biopsy to establish the extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in designing parameters for extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic scoring model. Samples were tissue biopsy from extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients. Histopathological preparations used Hematoxylin Eosin staining while microbiological examination of Acid Fast Bacilli stains by ziehl neelsen method. The results showed that based on the degree of positivity of Acid Fast Bacilli stain most have +1. The histopathological feature were almost entirely granuloma and there was a relationship between the degree of Acid Fast Bacilli positivity and histopathology feature. This study concluded that the histopathological feature was related to the results of microbiological examination so that it can be used as a parameter for extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic scoring model design.

Keywords
histopathological,extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZG8nghQT7yKJ

Corresponding Author
Arief Budi Yulianti Yulianti

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Quality of life in adulthood is determined by the quality of life of the embryo. Nutrition determine the quality of embryo life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of unbalance nourishment to memory in mice This research is an experimental study using mice as experimental animals. Twenty four mice divided into 4 groups, Group 1 was given standard nourish (Feed 1), Group 2 was given high carbohydrate (Feed 2), Group 3 was given high protein (Feed 3), Group 4 was given high fat (Feed 4) during puberty until pregnancy. Parameter were measured were body weight and memory with New objects recognition (NOR) methods. The result was unbalance nourishment effected weight body. mice with standard nourish have body weigh more high than mice with unbalance nourish. Meanwhile NOR was inversely, mice with unbalance nourish NOR higher than mice with standard nourish. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are components of nutrition, a single nutrient will have a negative impact for healthy.

Keywords
Memory, New object Recognition (NOR), Unbalance nourishment

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2tYZJnzPjRUu

Corresponding Author
Yuktiana Kharisma

Institutions
Departement of Pharmacology Medicine Faculty of Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract
The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is still low in Indonesia. Lactagogues are used as an efforts to solve the breastmilk production that can be evaluate indirectly by measuring the young mice growth. Papaya has been use as breastmilk stimulation among Indonesian. Objective of the study is to examine the effect of aqueous extract of unripe papaya fruit on milk production by measuring weight gain and growth of the young mice. The experiment was held at Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory of Padjadjaran University. An experimental study was conducted to 21 lactating mice divided into 3 treatment groups randomly with 10 babies each. First group served as negative control, luteotropin of 6mg/ 30g BW/ day and unripe papaya fruit aqueous extract of 20mg / 30g BW/ day was given orally for the second and third groups respectively. It was started at 4 th -16 th lactation day.The result was analyzed using ANOVA and followed by Tukey test with SPSS 13.00. The babies weight gain in group I, II, and III were 1.25 ± 0.62 g / 6h, 2.25 ± 0.29g / 6h, and 2,21 ± 0.28g / 6h respectively. The growth in group I was 2.95 ± 0.8g/ 2 d; group II was 7.10 ± 0.89g/ 2 d; group III was 5,52 ± 1.53g/ 2 days. The research showed that aqueous extract of unripe papaya fruit has a better effect than negative control (p=0,002) and has an equivalent effect in improving weight gain and growth of mice babies given luteotropin.

Keywords
Papaya, milk production, mice growth.

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/37e9QWaykNgZ

Corresponding Author
Rina Wijayanti

Institutions
a) Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia
*wijayanti[at]unissula.ac.id
b) Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
c) Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
d) Departement of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
One of the health problems is infertility, with an incidence of 15-20% of around 50 million couples, which men account for about 50% of all cases. Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) is empirically used to in-crease fertility. The purpose of this study was to determine the stimulatory effect of methanol extract, insolu-ble and soluble fraction of n-hexane parijoto on the quantity spermatozoa. This study used 28 male SD rats, divided into VI groups, where group I was normal; group II; III; IV; are methanol extract groups with doses 100 mg/kgBW; 250 mg/kgBW; and 500 mg/kgBW, group V is n-hexane insoluble fraction 500 mg/kgBW, and group VI is n-hexane soluble fraction 500 mg/kgBW, each given orally for 14 days. The parameter observed was the quantity spermatozoa. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney. The results showed the mean quantity spermatozoa in groups I, II, III, IV, V, and VI were respectively 26.8±1.6; 27.1±1.3; 30.4±1.3; 43.5±1.3; 67.1±2.8; and 50.1±1.9 (million/ml ejaculate). There were significant differences between groups I and groups IV, V and VI. Methanol extract, insoluble and soluble fraction of n-hexane parijoto fruit were able to provide a stimulating effect on the quantity spermatozoa in SD male rats.

Keywords
Methanol extract of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume); N-hexane insoluble and soluble fraction of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume); Quantity spermatozoa.

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vf2XWTnwZh3B

Corresponding Author
Siti Thomas Zulaikhah

Institutions
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Unissula Semarang

Abstract
Background: Lead (Pb) is one of heavy metal which can trigger the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), increase the generation of free radicals, lipid peroxidation and decrease antioxidant enzyme such as glutathion peroxidase (GPx). Tender coconut water contains antioxidants, L-arginine and other compounds that can reduce the effects of Pb exposure. This study aimed to know the effect of tender coconut water prevent lipid peroxidation and increase antioxidant enzyme on Wistar Rats Induced by Lead. Methods: Experimental research by post test only control group design, using 18 white wistar strain male rats randomly divided into 3 groups. Group K1 served as control, Group K2 was fed lead (10 mg/day/rat), Group K3 was given tender coconut water orally for four weeks. Induced by Pb is done by inhalation at the dose of 10 mg/day/head, while tender coconut water is given at the dose of 8 mL/200grBB/day together for 4 weeks. Rats- blood from ophtalmicus venous was analyzed using Elisa to measure the Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and GPx levels. Data were analyzed using Anova test. Results: Average MDA level in group K2 increase compared to group K1, but K3 descrease compared to K2. Average GPx levels in group K2 descrease compared to group K1, but K3 increase compared to group K2. Conclusion: Results of the present study have administration of tender coconut water (8 mL/200gr BW rats/day for 4 weeks) could descreased MDA levels and increased GPx levels (p <0.05). The administration of tender coconut water prevent lipid peroxidation and increase antioxidant enzyme on wistar rats induced by lead

Keywords
Lead (Pb); tender coconut water; lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gFEPMWu6xGXH

Corresponding Author
Annisa Rahmah Furqaani

Institutions
(a) Histology and Biomedical Science Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
(b) Bachelor of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
(c) Pharmacology Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Lemon (Citrus limon) contains various kinds of flavonoids that have beneficial effects in modulating lipid profile and controlling obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the chronic effects of aqueous fraction of lemon administration on body weight and visceral fat mass of old mice fed by high-fat diet. Twenty-six female mice (Mus musculus) DDY strains (45-50 weeks in age; 40-50 g in weight) were divided into 5 groups, group 1 (K1) were fed by high-fat diet (PTL); group 2 (K2) were fed by standard diet; and three other groups that fed by PTL and got aqueous fraction of lemon with 3 different doses, 0.20 g/KgBB (K3), 0.40 g/KgBB (K4), and 0.80 g/ KgBB (K5). Body weight measurements were taken before and at the end of the treatment period. After that, the mice were sacrificed to be measured visceral fat mass. The results showed that final weight and visceral fat mass of K3 was significantly lower compared to other groups (p <0.05). These results indicate that the aqueous fraction of lemon has the potential to control obesity by reducing the mass of visceral fat, but its mechanism of action depends on the dose of administration.

Keywords
Aqueous fraction, body weight, lemon, visceral fat mass

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/frX3YzDeTQCa

Corresponding Author
Alya Tursina, SpS. MH.Kes

Institutions
1Departemen Neuroanatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
2Departemen Farmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
3Departemen Neurology, SalamunHopital, Bandung, Indonesia
4Departemen Neurology, Al Ihsan Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia

Corespondingemail : alyanuryadin[at]gmail.com

Abstract
The incidence of young adult stroke increase in various countries. Disadvantage due to stroke are more severe in patients who are younger than older. The increase in incidencyof stroke in young adults contribute a burden on sufferers and the state due to decrease in quality of life and less productive. The appropriate prevention is done by reducing vascular risk factors that can cause ischemic stroke. The research aims to determine the correlation of vascular risk factors with the prevalence of stroke in young adults. The research is a quantitative study with descriptive method and cross-sectional design. Data analysis uses frequency distribution. The data used and resumes of medical records of patients who are inpatient at the neurology ward in RSAU Salamun and RSUD Al Ihsan Bandung from August 2016 until August 2018. Afterward data classified by age, gender and risk factors. The results of this research found the risk factors for female was the same risk of stroke as men with at the most age of 36-40 years. The vascular risk factors from the result of this research increased blood sugar level, hypertension and dyslipidemia were less significant in causing the occurrence of ischemic stroke at a young age while gout was at risk for causing ischemic stroke at a young age. The early detection of risk factors becomes very important to prevent the occurance of young adult.

Keywords
vascular risk factors, ischemic stroke, young adults

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AJaUqwz4xPLf

Corresponding Author
Annisa Rahmah Furqaani

Institutions
(a) Histology and Biomedic Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Unisba
(b) Bachelor Degree of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Unisba

Abstract
Cigarette residues can accumulate in semen and sperm thereby reducing sperm quality and causing infertility in men. Meanwhile, lycopene in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) is an antioxidant that has protective mechanism against oxidative stress, acts as an anti-lipid peroxidation, and involves in regulating gene function through non-oxidative mechanisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of tomato juice administration in improving sperm quality in mice exposed to third-hand smoke. This research was experimental study with a completely randomized design. Seventeen adult male mice (8-10 weeks in age, 35-40 g in weight) were randomly divided into three groups, the control group (C) and two treatment groups (T). Treatment group 1 (T1) was exposed to tertiary cigarette smoke for 14 days and treatment group 2 (T2) was exposed to tertiary cigarette smoke and received tomato juice for 14 days. After the treatment period completed, the animal was sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Spermatozoa were taken from the cauda epididymis, sperm quality examination was done immediately. Parameters measured in sperm quality examination were number, morphology, and motility of the spermatozoa. The results showed that number of the sperm in T1 tended to be lower than that in the control group and T 2, but this difference did not differ significantly (p> 0.05). While abnormal sperm morphology in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p <0.05). These results indicate that tomato juice has potential in improving sperm quality.

Keywords
sperm quality, third-hand smoke, tomato juice

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mYTKrgb89kuH

Corresponding Author
Achmad Mauludin

Institutions
1Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
2Department of Dentistry, Al Ihsan General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia

Coresponding email : achmad_spbm[at]yahoo.co.id

Abstract
Ameloblastoma is one odontogenic invasive tumor and have high recurrence. The radiographic imaging shows multilocular radiolucent, soap bubble apperience and damage of the mandible bone. Radiographs an important role in providing bone destruction information, the extent of the tumor mass and determining the surgical technique. The success of ameloblastoma treatment is removal of the tumor mass is complete and no further recurrences. We report a case of management of mandible ameloblastoma with hemimandibulectomy.

Keywords
Ameloblastoma, Hemimandibulectomy, Radiographs imaging

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7CQUnXT9Pumg

Corresponding Author
Mirasari Putri

Institutions
a. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, West Java-Indonesia
b. Bakti Asih School of Analyst, Bandung, West Java-Indonesia
c.Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java-Indonesia

Abstract
Sepsis cause damage for cell, organ damage, decreasing of body weight, behavioral phenotype regression and will end in the death of most of victims. Extract of cogon grass root (Imperata cylindrica L.) acts as antioxidant in sepsis. This study purpose was to observe the effect of giving ethanol extract of cogon grass root to Body Weight and behavioral phenotype of septic mice model. This was an invivo study with randomized post-test controlled group design. We used 4 (four) groups of male mice (Mus musculus) DDY strains. Group 1 as the negative control, group 2 as the positive control, Group 3 and 4 treated ethanol extract of cogon grass root (90 mg/kg BB, and a dose of 115 mg/kg BB, respectively). This treatment was performed for 2 weeks. Every week we measured body weight twice a day. After 2 weeks, group 2, group 3 and 4 were injected lipopolysacharide for 8 hours to induce septic. Then we measured body weight and behavioral phenotype. The results showed no differences in body weight were found in the treatment group compared with control, suggesting no effect of ethanol extract of cogon grass root in decreasing mice body weight. Next, the behavioral phenotype observation showed, in group 2, most of the mice shown no activity, the mice were stationary, this contrary to other groups. The conclusion of the study is the treatment of Ethanol Extract Of Cogon Grass Caused No harm for Body Weight and behavioral phenotype of septic mice model.

Keywords
Cogon grass, septic, body Weight, behavioral phenotype.

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PXt3RwHhc6Z4

Corresponding Author
Yuniarti Yuniarti

Institutions
1.Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Universitas Islam Bandung

2. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Knowledge of the structure of the human body at a macro level to the molecular level is fundamental to understanding bodily functions and how the structure and function of body organs change due to disease. An appropriate instrument is needed to measure the level of student knowledge about anatomy, especially knowledge about the structure and topography of organs.The purpose of this study is to find out which questions are valid and reliable to measure the level of knowledge in medical students regarding organs structure and topography.This research method was a survey approach, where 88 samples were collected randomly. Validity of the questions were analyzed by Pearson-s correlation coefficient, while Kappa-s coefficient agreement was chosen to analyze the reliability of questions. The result showed that there was 9 organ systems (dermatomuscular, endocrine, neurology, genitourinary, reproductive, special senses, cardiovascular, genitourinary and respiratory) that had analyzed, consisted of structure and topography questions. Most of the questions had valid and reliable criteria according to statistical analysis above. In conclusion, the instrument was valid and reliable to determine the level of knowledge pertaining organs structure and topography. Any additional questions should be analyzed, whether they had criterion related validity and reliability.

Keywords
Valid, Realible, Organs Structure, Organs Topography

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Ac9RbX8PYyNt

Corresponding Author
Uci Ary Lantika

Institutions
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Purple sweet potato has been widely known in the community due to the easiness of cultivation and has a good taste. Purple sweet potato is commonly consumed as daily food as it can be a source of carbohydrates and energy. Other benefits that can be found from the consumption of purple sweet potato are antioxidant effects and also a source of vitamins and fiber. This can be the fundamental reasoning for the development of purple sweet potato water extract as a supplement that can be consumed during pregnancy. This research was conducted to observe the effect of purple sweet potato extract supplementation during pregnancy on body weight of pregnant mice (Mus musculus). This research was an experimental study with completely randomized design. Thirty pregnant mice were divided into 3 groups: control group, intervention of purple sweet potato water extract dose of 60mg/g BW group, and intervention of purple sweet potato water extract intervention dose of 120mg/g BB. The extract was given from the 6th day until the 18th day. During the study, the mice were weighed and weight gain was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed on data obtained through the ANNOVA test to see the significance of the treatment. The average body weight of mice was found greatest in the purple sweet potato water extract at a dose of 120 mg/g BW and the smallest in the control group. From statistical analysis, there was no significant difference in the mean body weight between groups (p> 0.05). Suplementation of purple sweet potato water extract does not cause weight gain of the pregnant mice.

Keywords
purple sweet potato, pregnancy, body weight

Topic
Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6p3q8hEPJxBH